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2.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 72(4): 868-873, Jul.-Aug. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | BDENF, LILACS | ID: biblio-1020538

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the functional capacity and its relationship with the level of social support to people affected by cerebrovascular accident. Methods: Cross-sectional and quantitative research, conducted with 108 individuals with sequelae of cerebrovascular accident in João Pessoa/PB. Data were collected through interviews, using a sociodemographic instrument - the Barthel Index and the Social Support Scale. Results: We observed the prevalence of functional dependency in 93.5%, and the mild dependency stood out in 40.7%. Medium social support was the most found, with 48.2%. The predominant dimensions of social support were the material dimension, followed by the emotional. There was a significant association (p ≤ 0.05) between very serious dependency and high social support. Conclusion: The results found allow us to reflect on the need for involvement of health professionals in strengthening the social support of patients with disabling diseases, such as the cerebrovascular accident.


RESUMEN Objetivo: Investigar la capacidad funcional y su relación con el nivel de apoyo social de personas afectadas por accidente cerebrovascular. Métodos: Investigación transversal y cuantitativa realizada en João Pessoa (PB, Brasil), en el cual participaron 108 individuos con secuelas de accidente cerebrovascular. La recopilación de datos se realizó mediante entrevistas, utilizando como instrumento sociodemográfico el Índice de Barthel y la Escala de apoyo social. Resultados: Se observó una prevalencia de dependencia funcional en un 93,5%, y se destacó una menor dependencia en un 40,7%. El apoyo social medio fue lo más encontrado, con un 48,2%. Las dimensiones de la Escala de apoyo social más predominantes fueron la dimensión material, seguida de la emocional. Se observó una asociación significativa (p ≤ 0,05) entre la dependencia muy grave y el alto apoyo social. Conclusión: Los resultados encontrados apuntan la necesidad de la participación de los profesionales de la salud en el fortalecimiento del apoyo social a los pacientes afectados por enfermedades debilitantes, como el accidente cerebrovascular.


RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar a capacidade funcional e a sua relação com o nível de apoio social de pessoas acometidas por acidente vascular encefálico. Métodos: Pesquisa transversal e quantitativa, realizada com 108 indivíduos com sequelas de acidente vascular encefálico em João Pessoa/PB. Os dados foram coletados por entrevistas, utilizando um instrumento sociodemográfico, o Índice de Barthel e a Escala de Apoio Social. Resultados: Foi observada uma prevalência de dependência funcional de 93,5% e destacou-se a dependência leve em 40,7%. O apoio social médio foi o mais encontrado, com 48,2%. As dimensões da escala de apoio social que predominaram foram a dimensão material seguida da emocional. Evidenciou-se uma associação significativa (p ≤ 0,05) entre dependência muito grave e apoio social alto. Conclusão: Os resultados encontrados permitem refletir sobre a necessidade do envolvimento dos profissionais de saúde no fortalecimento do apoio social aos pacientes acometidos por doenças incapacitantes, como o acidente vascular encefálico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Social Support , Survivors/psychology , Recovery of Function , Stroke/complications , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Survivors/statistics & numerical data , Stroke/psychology
3.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 72(4): 1109-1113, Jul.-Aug. 2019. graf
Article in English | BDENF, LILACS | ID: biblio-1020547

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: Reporting the experience of use of the PLISSIT model as tool for the nursing care of breast cancer survivors with sexual dysfunction. Method: case study developed from January to August 2017, in the outpatient mastology clinic and sexuality service of a maternity in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, with 15 breast cancer survivors. Results: sexual counseling sessions were conducted using the PLISSIT model to address sexual issues, highlighting the particularities of women who experience survival after the treatment of breast cancer. Final considerations: the model used in the practice of nursing care is customary and allows identifying issues experienced by women, as it has easy availability and practicality for use by nursing professionals, helping to address sexual matters with greater tranquility.


RESUMEN Objetivo: Informar la experiencia del uso del modelo PILSET como herramienta de cuidado de enfermería para sobrevivientes de cáncer de mama con disfunción sexual. Método: relato de experiencia desarrollado de enero a agosto de 2017, realizado en el ambulatorio de mastología junto con el servicio de sexualidad de una maternidad-escuela de Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil, con 15 sobrevivientes de cáncer de mama. Resultados: se realizaron sesiones de asesoramiento sexual, utilizando el modelo PILSET para trabajar cuestiones sexuales, destacando las particularidades de la mujer que vive la sobrevida tras el tratamiento del cáncer de mama. Consideraciones finales: el modelo utilizado en la práctica del cuidado de enfermería es usual y permite identificar cuestiones vivenciadas por la mujer, pues es una herramienta de fácil disponibilidad y practicidad para profesionales de enfermería, ayudando a abordar cuestiones sexuales con mayor tranquilidad.


RESUMO Objetivo: Relatar a experiência do uso do modelo PILSET como ferramenta de cuidado de enfermagem para sobreviventes de câncer de mama com disfunção sexual. Método: relato de experiência desenvolvido de janeiro a agosto de 2017, realizado no ambulatório de mastologia em conjunto com o serviço de sexualidade de uma maternidade-escola de Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil, com 15 sobreviventes de câncer de mama. Resultados: realizaram-se sessões de aconselhamento sexual, utilizando o modelo PILSET para trabalhar questões sexuais, destacando as particularidades da mulher que vivencia a sobrevida após o tratamento de câncer de mama. Considerações finais: o modelo utilizado na prática de cuidado de enfermagem é usual e permite identificar questões vivenciadas pela mulher, pois é uma ferramenta de fácil disponibilidade e praticidade para profissionais de enfermagem, auxiliando abordar questões sexuais com maior tranquilidade.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/therapy , Breast Neoplasms/nursing , Sex Counseling/methods , Survivors/psychology , Quality of Life/psychology , Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/psychology , Brazil , Breast Neoplasms/complications , Breast Neoplasms/psychology , Sex Counseling/trends , Surveys and Questionnaires , Survivors/statistics & numerical data , Middle Aged
4.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 64(6): 509-517, June 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-956489

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: HIV-related mortality is still high, especially in developed countries. The aim of this study is to investigate factors associated to death in HIV-infected patients. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study with all HIV adult patients admitted to a tertiary infectious diseases hospital in Fortaleza, Northeast Brazil, from January 2013 to December 2014. Patients were divided into two groups: survivors and non-survivors. Demo-graphical, clinical and laboratory data were compared and a logistic regression was performed in order to investigate risk factors for death. P values ≤0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: A total of 200 patients with mean age of 39 years were including in the study, 69.5% males. Fifteen patients (7.5%) died. Non-survivors presented a higher percentage of males (93.3 vs. 67.3%, p = 0.037). Non-survivors presented AKI (73.3 vs. 10.3%, p < 0.001), liver dysfunction (33.3 vs. 11.5, p = 0.031), dyspnea (73.3 vs. 33.0%, p = 0.002) and disorientation (33.3 vs. 12.4%, p = 0.025) more frequently. Non-survivors also had higher levels of urea (73.8 ± 52.7vs. 36.1 ± 29.1 mg/dL, p < 0.001), creatinine (1.98 ± 1.65 vs. 1.05 ± 1.07 mg/dL, p < 0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (130.8 vs. 84.8 U/L, p = 0.03), alanine aminotransferase (115.6 vs. 85.4 U/L, p = 0.045) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (1208 vs. 608 U/L, p = 0.012), as well as lower levels of bicarbonate (18.0 ± 4.7 vs. 21.6 ± 4.6 mEq/L, p = 0.016) and PCO2 (27.8 ± 7.7 vs. 33.0 ± 9.3 mmHg, p = 0.05). In multivariate analysis, disorientation (p = 0.035, OR = 5.523, 95%CI = 1.130 - 26.998), dyspnoea (p = 0.046, OR = 4.064, 95%CI = 1.028 - 16.073), AKI (p < 0.001, OR = 18.045, 95%CI = 4.308 - 75.596) and disseminated histoplasmosis (p = 0.016, OR = 12.696, 95%CI = 1.618 - 99.646) and LDH > 1000 U/L (p = 0.038, OR = 4.854, 95%CI = 1.093 - 21.739) were risk factors for death.]CONCLUSION: AKI and disseminated histoplasmosis (DH) were the main risk factors for death in the studied population. Neurologic and respiratory impairment as well as higher levels of LDH also increased mortality in HIV-infected patients.


RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO: A mortalidade relacionada ao HIV ainda é alta, especialmente nos países em desenvolvimento. O objetivo deste estudo é investigar os fatores associados ao óbito em pacientes com HIV. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo transversal com todos os pacientes com HIV admitidos consecutivamente em um hospital terciário de doenças infecciosas em Fortaleza, Nordeste do Brasil, entre janeiro de 2013 e dezembro de 2014. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: sobreviventes e não sobreviventes. Dados demográficos, clínicos e laboratoriais foram comparados e análise de regressão logística foi feita para investigação dos fatores de risco para óbito. RESULTADOS: Um total de 200 pacientes, com média de idade de 39 anos, foi incluído no estudo, sendo 69,5% do sexo masculino. Óbito ocorreu em 15 pacientes (7,5%). Os não sobreviventes apresentaram maior percentual de homens (93,3 vs. 67,3%, p = 0,037) e um menor tempo de internação (8 ± 6 vs. 18 ± 15 dias, p = 0,005). Na análise multivariada, desorientação (p = 0,035, OR = 5,523), dispneia (p = 0,046, OR = 4,064), LRA (p < 0,001, OR = 18,045), histoplasmose disseminada (p = 0,016, OR = 12,696) e desidrogenase lática (LDH) > 1.000 U/L (p = 0,038, OR = 4,854) foram fatores de risco para óbito. CONCLUSÕES: LRA e histoplasmose disseminada foram os principais fatores de risco para óbito na população estudada. Distúrbios neurológicos e respiratórios, bem como níveis elevados de LDH, também estiveram associados com o aumento da mortalidade em pacientes com HIV.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Young Adult , HIV Infections/mortality , Acute Kidney Injury/mortality , Brazil/epidemiology , HIV Infections/complications , Logistic Models , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Cause of Death , Survivors/statistics & numerical data , Sex Distribution , Confusion/complications , Confusion/mortality , Dyspnea/complications , Dyspnea/mortality , Acute Kidney Injury/complications , Histoplasmosis/complications , Histoplasmosis/mortality , L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood , Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data , Middle Aged
5.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 42: e114, 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-961790

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Sintetizar e criticar a produção científica sobre as intervenções desenvolvidas para reverter a sobrecarga de cuidado e os fatores associados em cuidadores de sobreviventes de acidente vascular cerebral (AVC). Método Revisão sistemática desenvolvida nas bases de dados PubMed e SciELO, Portal CAPES e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, utilizando as palavras-chave Stroke AND Caregivers AND Intervention e Stroke AND Caregivers AND Clinical trial. Foram selecionados para a revisão oito artigos de ensaios clínicos randomizados (ECR) e controlados publicados no período de 2008 a 2017 nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol. Resultados Os estudos foram desenvolvidos na Suécia, Taiwan, Alemanha, China, Índia e Estados Unidos. Intervenções psicoeducativas, apoio e aquisição de habilidades tiveram implicações positivas para cuidadores - nos âmbitos psicológico, físico e social, na qualidade dos cuidados e na aquisição dos conhecimentos dos cuidadores - e para sobreviventes - por exemplo, redução da utilização dos serviços de saúde e maior capacidade de autocuidado. A avaliação crítica dos artigos mostrou que nenhum atendeu todas as recomendações metodológicas para ECR. As principais limitações foram a incompletude dos dados e a heterogeneidade das intervenções. Conclusão As intervenções tiveram resultados positivos para cuidadores e sobreviventes. Contudo, estudos futuros devem considerar uma avaliação de longo prazo dos desfechos analisados, com descrição detalhada sobre o levantamento prévio das necessidades de cuidado que guiaram o estudo e disponibilização do material de apoio utilizado nas intervenções para permitir a reprodução da intervenção.


ABSTRACT Objective To synthesize and critically review the literature on interventions aimed at decreasing the burden of stroke survivor caregivers and other associated factors. Method The literature search for the present systematic review was performed in PubMed, SciELO, Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) website, and the Virtual Health Library using the following search terms: Stroke AND Caregivers AND Intervention; and Stroke AND Caregivers AND clinical trial. Eight randomized controlled clinical trials (RCT) published between 2008 and 2017 were selected. Results The selected studies were performed in Sweden, Taiwan, Germany, China, India, and the United States. Psychoeducational, support, and skill acquisition interventions produced positive results for caregivers - in the psychological, physical, and social domains, in the quality of the care provided, and in the acquisition of knowledge by caregivers - and for stroke survivors - for example, decreased use of health care services and improved capacity for self-care. The critical evaluation of the studies showed that none met all the methodological requirements for RCTs. The main limitations were missing data and the heterogeneity of interventions. Conclusion The interventions had positive results for caregivers and survivors. However, future studies should consider long term assessments of the outcomes, with detailed description of the baseline needs that guided the study and the sharing of the support materials used to allow the intervention to be reproduced.


RESUMEN Objetivo Sintetizar y evaluar de manera crítica la producción científica sobre las intervenciones realizadas para revertir la sobrecarga del cuidado y los factores relacionados que afectan a los cuidadores de los sobrevivientes de un accidente cerebrovascular (ACV). Método Revisión sistemática efectuada en las bases de datos PubMed y SciELO, el Portal CAPES y la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, con empleo de los grupos de palabras clave stroke AND caregivers AND intervention y stroke AND caregivers AND clinical trial. Se seleccionaron ocho estudios de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados y controlados que se publicaron del 2008 al 2017 en español, inglés y portugués. Resultados Los estudios se realizaron en Alemania, China, Estados Unidos, India, Suecia y Taiwán. Las intervenciones psicoeducativas, el apoyo y la adquisición de habilidades tuvieron repercusiones favorables para los cuidadores (en los aspectos psicológico, físico y social, en la calidad del cuidado y en la adquisición de conocimientos de los cuidadores) y para los sobrevivientes (por ejemplo, en el descenso de la utilización de los servicios de salud y el aumento de la capacidad de autocuidado). La evaluación crítica de los artículos mostró que en ninguno se tuvieron en cuenta todas las recomendaciones metodológicas para los ensayos clínicos aleatorizados. Las principales limitaciones fueron el carácter incompleto de los datos y la heterogeneidad de las intervenciones. Conclusión Las intervenciones tuvieron resultados positivos para los cuidadores y los sobrevivientes. Sin embargo, en estudios futuros se debe considerar la posibilidad de hacer una evaluación a largo plazo de los resultados analizados, con una descripción detallada de la determinación previa de las necesidades de cuidado que guiaron el estudio y de la disponibilidad del material de apoyo utilizado en las intervenciones para poder reproducirlas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Caregivers , Survivors/statistics & numerical data , Stroke/diagnosis , Clinical Trial
6.
Clinics ; 72(12): 764-772, Dec. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-890705

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To describe the experience of an outpatient clinic with the multidisciplinary evaluation of intensive care unit survivors and to analyze their social, psychological, and physical characteristics in a low-income population and a developing country. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study. Adult survivors from a general intensive care unit were evaluated three months after discharge in a post-intensive care unit outpatient multidisciplinary clinic over a period of 6 years (2008-2014) in a University Hospital in southern Brazil. RESULTS: A total of 688 out of 1945 intensive care unit survivors received care at the clinic. Of these, 45.2% had psychological disorders (particularly depression), 49.0% had respiratory impairments (abnormal spirometry), and 24.6% had moderate to intense dyspnea during daily life activities. Patients experienced weight loss during hospitalization (mean=11.7%) but good recovery after discharge (mean gain=9.1%), and 94.6% were receiving nutrition orally. One-third of patients showed a reduction of peripheral muscular strength, and 5.7% had moderate to severe tetraparesis or tetraplegia. There was a significant impairment in quality of life (SF-36), particularly in the physical and emotional aspects and in functional capacity. The economic impacts on the affected families, which were mostly low-income families, were considerable. Most patients did not have full access to rehabilitation services, even though half of the families were receiving financial support from the government. CONCLUSIONS: A significant number of intensive care unit survivors evaluated 3 months after discharge had psychological, respiratory, motor, and socioeconomic problems; these findings highlight that strategies aimed to assist critically ill patients should be extended to the post-hospitalization period and that this problem is particularly important in low-income populations.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Critical Illness/mortality , Critical Illness/psychology , Survivors/psychology , Survivors/statistics & numerical data , Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data , Quality of Life , Respiratory Tract Diseases/etiology , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Depression/etiology , Hospitalization , Hospitals, University
7.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 70(5): 1061-1068, Sep.-Oct. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-898247

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize the Brazilian workers victims of occupational accidents with biological fluids. Method: Epidemiological and descriptive research, in which 284,877 notifications of the Notifiable Diseases Information System were analyzed between 2007 and 2014. We used Stata 13 for data analysis. Results: The highest incidence density occurred in females with 0.8 cases per 1,000 workers/year (n = 222,042, 77.9%); in the age group of 20 to 24 years old, with 0.6 cases per 1,000 workers/year (n = 64,221, 23.3%); with some high school and some college, with 0.6 cases per 1,000 workers/year (n = 141,275, 49.6%). We found that these accidents occurred among 23 occupational subgroups. For the most part, the workers had an employment relationship and had issued the Occupational Accident Notification. Conclusion: It is necessary to rethink the measures of orientation to workers regarding the risks and relative prophylaxis for these accidents, with the aim of reducing them.


RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar a los trabajadores brasileños víctimas de accidentes laborales con fluidos biológicos. Método: Investigación epidemiológica, descriptiva, en que se evaluaron 284.877 casos en el Sistema Nacional de Notificação de Agravos, durante el periodo de 2007 a 2014. En el análisis de datos se empleó el software Stata 13. Resultados: La mayor incidencia de casos ocurrió con las mujeres, 0,8 caso por cada 1.000 trabajadores/año (n = 222.042; 77,9%); del grupo etario de 20 a 24 años con 0,6 caso por cada 1.000 trabajadores/año (n = 64.221; 23,3%); de educación media y superior incompletas con 0,6 caso por cada 1.000 trabajadores/año (n = 141.275; 49,6%). Dichos accidentes ocurrieron con 23 subgrupos ocupacionales. En la mayoría de los accidentes, los trabajadores tenían vínculo laboral, siendo emitida la Comunicación de Accidente Laboral. Conclusión: Es necesario repensar las medidas de orientación a los trabajadores sobre los riesgos y las profilaxis de estos accidentes para minimizarlos o disminuirlos.


RESUMO Objetivo: Caracterizar os trabalhadores brasileiros vítimas de acidente de trabalho com fluidos biológicos. Método: Pesquisa epidemiológica, descritiva, na qual foram analisadas 284.877 notificações do Sistema Nacional de Notificação de Agravos, entre 2007 e 2014. Utilizou-se Stata 13 para a análise dos dados. Resultados: A maior densidade de incidência ocorreu no sexo feminino com 0,8 caso a cada 1.000 trabalhadores/ano (n = 222.042; 77,9%); na faixa etária de 20 a 24 anos com 0,6 caso a cada 1.000 trabalhadores/ano (n = 64.221; 23,3%); com Ensino Médio e Superior incompleto com 0,6 caso a cada 1.000 trabalhadores/ano (n = 141.275; 49,6%). Verificou-se que esses acidentes ocorreram entre 23 subgrupos ocupacionais. Em sua maioria, os trabalhadores possuíam vínculo empregatício e tiveram emitida a Comunicação de Acidente de Trabalho. Conclusão: Faz-se necessário repensar as medidas de orientação aos trabalhadores quanto aos riscos e profilaxia relativa para estes acidentes, visando reduzi-los ou diminui-los.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Body Fluids , Accidents, Occupational/statistics & numerical data , Survivors/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Sex Factors , Incidence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Middle Aged
8.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 22(1): 255-260, jan. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-839912

ABSTRACT

Abstract This article aimed to determine the recruitment rate of chronic stroke survivors to cross-sectional studies and to determine their retention at the two days of assessments. Participants after six months of a unilateral stroke were screened for eligibility and invited to participate in two cross-sectional studies, by telephone. The number of people who were screened, eligible, and successfully recruited was recorded. Retention at the two days of assessments was also recorded. From a list of 654 individuals, 87 were ineligible. Of the 567 left, 216 had wrong contact numbers, 144 refused to participate, and 12 had died. A total of 165 subjects participated in both studies. Out of the 56 who agreed to attend to the second day of assessment, eight did not return. The results showed that individuals with chronic stroke had low rates of recruitment and retention.


Resumo Este artigo teve por objetivo determinar a taxa de recrutamento de indivíduos pós-Acidente Vascular Encefálico (AVE) em estudos transversais e determinar sua retenção nos dois dias de avaliação, tendo como referencial teórico a Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde. Participantes após 6 meses a um AVE unilateral foram selecionados de acordo com a sua elegibilidade e convidados a participar em dois estudos transversais, por telefone. Foi obtido o número de pessoas contatadas, elegíveis e recrutadas com sucesso. A retenção nos dois dias de avaliação foi igualmente obtida. De uma lista de 654 indivíduos, 87 não eram elegíveis. Dos 567 restantes, 216 possuíam números telefônicos errados, 144 se recusaram a participar e 12 haviam ido a óbito. Um total de 165 indivíduos participaram dos dois estudos. Dos 56 indivíduos que concordaram em participar do segundo dia de avaliação, oito não retornaram. Os resultados demonstraram que indivíduos pós-AVE crônicos apresentam baixas taxas de recrutamento e retenção.


Subject(s)
Humans , Survivors/statistics & numerical data , Patient Selection , Stroke/physiopathology , Time Factors , Chronic Disease , Cross-Sectional Studies
9.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 62(8): 748-754, Nov. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-829531

ABSTRACT

Summary Objective: To analyze the health care costs specifically related to cardiovascular diseases, which were spent by patients of a private healthcare provider in southern Brazil, after their diagnosis of cancer. Method: We developed an observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study, with a qualitative-quantitative strategy, through the activity of analytical internal audit of medical accounts. Results: 860 accounts from 2012 to 2015 were analyzed, 73% referred to female users, with average age of 62.38 years, and a total direct cost of BRL 241,103.72. There was prevalence of 37% of breast cancer, 15% of prostate cancer and 9% of colon cancer. In relation to the cardiovascular care, 44% were consultations, 44% were complementary exams, 10% were emergency care, and 3% were hospitalizations. Regarding the health care costs with cardiovascular services, higher costs were in hospitalizations (51%), followed by complementary exams (37%), consultations (8%) and emergency care (4%). Conclusion: The cancer survivors commonly use health care in other specialties such as cardiology, and the main cost refers to hospitalization. It is recommended to invest in prevention (consultation and complementary exam) as well as in programs of chronic disease management to reduce costs and improve the quality of health care.


Resumo Objetivo: analisar os custos assistenciais com afecções cardiovasculares utilizados por usuários sobreviventes do câncer de uma operadora de saúde suplementar na região Sul do Brasil. Método: foi desenvolvido um estudo observacional, transversal, retrospectivo, com estratégia quali-quantitativa, através de atividade de auditoria interna analítica de contas médico-hospitalares. Resultados: foram analisadas 860 contas, de 2012 a 2015, com 73% de usuários femininos e uma média etária de 62,38 anos, somando um custo total direto de R$ 241.103,72. Houve predomínio de 37% de neoplasias de mamas, 15% de próstata e 9% de cólon. Com relação à assistência cardiovascular, 44% foram consultas, 44% foram exames complementares, 10% foram atendimentos de emergência e 3% foram hospitalizações. Os custos em assistência cardiovascular foram maiores nas hospitalizações (51%), seguidos pelos exames complementares (37%), pelas consultas (8%) e pelos atendimentos emergenciais (4%). Conclusão: os sobreviventes de câncer habitualmente utilizam a assistência à saúde em outras especialidades, como a cardiologia, e o principal custo é em hospitalização. Recomenda-se investir em prevenção (consultas e exames), assim como em programas de gestão de casos crônicos para reduzir os custos e melhorar a qualidade da assistência à saúde.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cardiovascular Diseases/economics , Health Expenditures/statistics & numerical data , Private Sector/economics , Survivors/statistics & numerical data , Neoplasms/therapy , Brazil/epidemiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Cardiotoxicity/diagnosis , Government Agencies , Hospitalization/economics , Middle Aged , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Neoplasms/epidemiology , Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects
10.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 74(8): 621-625, Aug. 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-792514

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To identify the prevalence of post stroke depression (PSD) and their socio-demographic and clinical predictors among elderly stroke survivors after hospital discharge to home. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 90 elderly stroke survivors were evaluated 14 days after hospital discharge with the following scales: National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, Functional Independence Measure, and Geriatric Depression Scale – 15 items (GDS-15). PSD was defined as a score > 5 on GDS-15. After univariate analyses, a multivariate logistic regression model was built to identify independent predictors of PSD. Results Fourteen days after hospital discharge, 27.7% (95%CI 18.1 to 37.2) of elderly stroke survivors had PSD. Functional dependence was the only independent predictor of PSD (OR: 1.04 95%CI: 1.01 to 1.09; p = 0.02). Conclusion After stroke, depressive symptoms are common among elderly survivors. The degree of functional dependency is the main predictor of PSD among elderly stroke patients in Brazil.


RESUMO Objetivos Identificar a prevalência de depressão pós-AVC (DPAVC) e seus preditores sócio-demográficos e clínicos nos idosos sobreviventes do acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) após alta hospitalar para casa. Métodos Nesse estudo transversal, 90 idosos sobreviventes do AVC foram avaliados 14 dias após alta hospitalar com as escalas a seguir: National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, Medida da Independência Funcional (MIF), Escala de Depressão Geriátrica – 15 itens (EDG-15). DPAVC foi definida como escore > 5 na EDG-15. Depois da análise univariada, a regressão logística multivariada foi construída para identificar os preditores independentes da DPAVC. Resultados Quatorze dias após a alta hospitalar, 27,7% (IC95% = 18,1–37,2) dos idosos sobreviventes do AVC tinham DPAVC. A dependência funcional foi o único preditor independente da DPAVC (OR: 1.04 95%CI: 1,01–1,09; p = 0.02). Conclusão Após um AVC, sintomas depressivos são frequentes entre os idosos sobreviventes. O grau de dependência funcional é o principal preditor da DPAVC neste pacientes no Brasil.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Stroke/psychology , Depression/psychology , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Survivors/psychology , Survivors/statistics & numerical data , Depression/epidemiology , Disability Evaluation , Stroke Rehabilitation/psychology
11.
Journal of Gynecologic Oncology ; : 141-147, 2015.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-186094

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the physical activity (PA) behavior, needs and preferences for underserved, ethnically diverse women with a history of endometrial cancer (EC). METHODS: Women with a history of EC (41 non-Hispanic black, 40 non-Hispanic white, and 18 Hispanic) completed a needs assessment during their regular follow-up appointments at Montefiore Medical Center in Bronx, NY, USA. An 8-week pilot PA intervention based on the results of the needs assessment was conducted with 5 EC survivors. RESULTS: Mean body mass index (BMI) among the 99 respondents was 34.1+/-7.6 kg/m2, and 66% did not exercise regularly. Self-described weight status was significantly lower than actual BMI category (p<0.001). Of the 86% who were interested in joining an exercise program, 95% were willing to attend at least once weekly. The primary motivations were improving health, losing weight, and feeling better physically. Despite the high interest in participation, volunteer rate was very low (8%). However, adherence to the 8-week pilot PA intervention was high (83%), and there were no adverse events. Body weight decreased in all pilot participants. CONCLUSION: These data show that ethnically diverse EC survivors have a great need for, and are highly interested in, PA interventions. However, greater care needs to be taken to assess and identify barriers to increase participation in such programs.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Body Mass Index , Endometrial Neoplasms/epidemiology , Ethnicity , Exercise/physiology , Health Behavior/ethnology , Motor Activity , Needs Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Obesity/complications , Pilot Projects , Surveys and Questionnaires , Survivors/statistics & numerical data
12.
Journal of Korean Medical Science ; : 1061-1068, 2014.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-208227

ABSTRACT

Influenza vaccination is important for cancer survivors, a population with impaired immunity. This study was designed to assess influenza vaccination patterns among Korean cancer survivors. In this cross-sectional analysis, data were obtained from standardized questionnaires from 943 cancer survivors and 41,233 non-cancer survivors who participated in the Fourth and Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (2007-2011). We identified the adjusted influenza vaccination rates and assessed factors associated with influenza vaccination using multivariate logistic regression. Cancer survivors tended to have a higher adjusted influenza vaccination rate than the general population. The rates for influenza vaccination in specific cancer types such as stomach, hepatic, colon, and lung cancers were significantly higher than non-cancer survivors. Among all cancer survivors, those with chronic diseases, elderly subjects, and rural dwellers were more likely to receive influenza vaccination; those with cervical cancer were less likely to receive influenza vaccination. Cancer survivors were more likely to receive influenza vaccinations than non-cancer survivors, but this was not true for particular groups, especially younger cancer survivors. Cancer survivors represent a sharply growing population; therefore, immunization against influenza among cancer survivors should be concerned as their significant preventative healthcare services.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Age Distribution , Comorbidity , Disease Susceptibility/mortality , Educational Status , Health Behavior , Influenza Vaccines/therapeutic use , Influenza, Human/mortality , Mass Vaccination/statistics & numerical data , Neoplasms/mortality , Republic of Korea/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Sex Distribution , Social Class , Survival Rate , Survivors/statistics & numerical data
14.
Rev. nutr ; 26(3): 271-281, May-June 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-680214

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o estado nutricional e os fatores clínicos, laboratoriais e comportamentais associados ao excesso de peso em crianças e adolescentes sobreviventes de leucemia linfoide aguda, tratados em um centro de referência da Região Nordeste do Brasil. MÉTODOS: Estudo de série de casos com 30 sobreviventes de leucemia linfoide aguda. Entre os meses de março e setembro de 2011, foram coletados dados clínicos, comportamentais e laboratoriais. O diagnóstico antropométrico foi realizado em três ocasiões distintas: no momento do diagnóstico, no término do tratamento, e no período pós-tratamento, a partir dos índices altura/idade e índice de massa corporal/idade, segundo a Organização Mundial de Saúde. RESULTADOS: A amostra tinha idade média de 10,2 anos (DP=3,2). Observou-se que 33,3% dos sobreviventes tinham excesso de peso no início e no término do tratamento. No período pós-tratamento, encontrou-se aumento significante do escore-Z de índice de massa corporal/idade, e uma frequência de 43,3% de excesso de peso, além de 16,6% e 35,5% de obesidade abdominal por meio da circunferência da cintura e razão cintura/estatura respectivamente. O crescimento linear foi significativamente diminuído quando comparado os escores-Z de altura/idade no início e no término do tratamento. Na análise dos dados laboratoriais, obtiveram-se 52,1% com colesterol total acima do recomendado. Entretanto, 58,3%, 66,7% e 79,2% evidenciaram, respectivamente, Lipoproteína de Alta Densidade e Lipoproteína de Baixa Densidade-colesterol e triglicerídeo na faixa considerada desejável. CONCLUSÃO: Os sobreviventes de leucemia linfoide aguda analisados apresentaram maior risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis uma vez que apresentam frequência importante de excesso de peso, obesidade abdominal e colesterol total elevado.


OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the nutritional status and clinical, laboratory, and behavioral factors associated with overweight among children and adolescents survivors of acute lymphocytic leukemia treated at a reference center in Northeastern Brazil. METHODS: A case-series study was carried out with 30 survivors of acute lymphocytic leukemia. Clinical, behavioral and laboratory data were collected between March and September 2011. The anthropometric variables height-for-age and body mass index-for-age were determined on three different occasions (time of diagnosis, end of treatment, and post-treatment period), using the reference standards of the World Health Organization. RESULTS: The mean age and standard deviation of the sample was 10.2±3.2 years. A total of 33.3% of the survivors were overweight at the beginning and end of treatment. In the post-treatment period, a significant increase was found in the body mass index-for-age Z-score. The frequency of excess weight was 43.3%. The frequency of abdominal obesity was 16.6% and 35.5% based on the waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio, respectively. The comparison of body mass index-for-age Z-scores before and after treatment revealed significantly stunted linear growth. The laboratory tests showed that total cholesterol was 52.1% above the upper limit. However, 58.3%, 66.7%, and 79.2% of the sample had high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, respectively, within the recommended ranges. CONCLUSION: Based on the frequency of excess weight, abdominal obesity, and high total cholesterol, the study survivors of acute lymphocytic leukemia were at greater risk of developing chronic, non-communicable diseases.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Nutritional Status , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/complications , Obesity, Abdominal/diagnosis , Overweight , Survivors/statistics & numerical data
16.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 88(1): 25-32, jan.-fev. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-617046

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde (QVRS) de crianças sobreviventes à alta da terapia intensiva pediátrica. MÉTODOS: Foi realizada uma avaliação prospectiva da QVRS na admissão e após 6 meses em crianças com idade igual ou superior a 6 anos, internadas em três unidades de terapia intensiva pediátricas (UTIPs) terciárias de maio de 2002 a junho de 2004. A QVRS foi avaliada com o questionário Health Utilities Index Mark 3 (HUI3), aplicado a um representante da criança. RESULTADOS: Das 517 admissões elegíveis, 44 crianças faleceram na UTIP (8,5 por cento) e 320 casos foram avaliados na admissão; entre eles, foi possível realizar o seguimento de 252 casos. Não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os escores globais do HUI3 antes da admissão e no seguimento [medianas (intervalo interquartil) de 0,86 (0,42-1,00) e 0,83 (0,45-1,00); p = 0,674, respectivamente]. No âmbito individual, 21 por cento das crianças não apresentaram mudanças na QVRS, foi observada melhora em 40 por cento e agravamento em 38 por cento dos casos. Deficiência grave antes da admissão (escore global do HUI3 <  0,70) esteve presente em 36 por cento dos casos, com melhora no seguimento aos 6 meses em 60 por cento deles. Entre aqueles que apresentaram agravamento da QVRS no seguimento, 45 por cento eram vítimas de trauma. CONCLUSÕES: Embora a QVRS seja globalmente semelhante nas duas avaliações, foram encontradas várias diferenças no âmbito individual. As crianças com baixa QVRS antes da admissão (deficiência grave) podem se beneficiar da terapia intensiva pediátrica, visto que muitas dessas crianças melhoraram a QVRS, em comparação com seu estado pré-admissão.


OBJECTIVE: To assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of children surviving to pediatric intensive care discharge. METHODS: A prospective evaluation of HRQoL at admission and 6 months later was carried out with children aged 6 years or more, admitted to three tertiary pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) from May 2002 to June 2004. HRQoL was measured with the Health Utilities Index Mark 3 (HUI3) questionnaire, administered to a child’s proxy. RESULTS: From the 517 eligible admissions, 44 children died in the PICU (8.5 percent) and 320 cases were evaluated at admission; among those, follow-up data were available in 252 cases. There were no statistically significant differences between preadmission and follow-up HUI3 global scores (medians [interquartile range] of 0.86 [0.42-1.00] and 0.83 [0.45-1.00]; p = 0.674, respectively). At the individual level, 21 percent of children had their HRQoL unchanged, improvement was seen in 40 percent and deterioration in 38 percent of the cases. Severe disability before admission (HUI3 global score < 0.70) was present in 36 percent of the cases, with improvement at the 6-month follow-up in 60 percent of them. Among those with deterioration of HRQoL at follow-up, 45 percent were trauma victims. CONCLUSIONS: Although the HRQoL was globally similar in both evaluations, several differences were found at the individual level. Children with low preadmission HRQoL (severe disability) may benefit from pediatric intensive care, since many of these children improved their HRQoL compared to preadmission status.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Health Status , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric , Quality of Life , Survivors/statistics & numerical data , Epidemiologic Methods , Patient Discharge/statistics & numerical data , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
17.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 26(1): 21-26, jan.-mar. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-624487

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: Um crescente número de pacientes octogenários tem sido submetido à cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica (CRM). Os resultados em curto prazo desse procedimento têm sido amplamente estudados, mas há poucos relatos nacionais até o presente momento sobre os seus desfechos em longo prazo. OBJETIVOS: Descrever a mortalidade hospitalar e a sobrevida em longo prazo de pacientes com idade 80 anos submetidos à CRM isolada. MÉTODOS: Estudo de coorte retrospectivo com 142 pacientes consecutivos de idade 80 anos submetidos à CRM isolada no período de janeiro/1996 a dezembro/2007. A idade média (±dp) foi de 82,3±2,1 anos e 56,3% eram masculinos. A prevalência de hipertensão arterial sistêmica foi de 73,2%, infarto agudo do miocárdio prévio 30,3%, diabetes melito 26,8% e disfunção renal (creatinina ³ 2,0mg/ml) 4,9%. A mediana do seguimento foi de 4,0 anos, havendo perda de 11,6% dos pacientes. A análise da sobrevida foi feita pela curva de Kaplan-Meier. RESULTADOS: A mortalidade hospitalar geral foi de 14,8% (IC95%: 8,8-20,8), observando-se uma redução desse percentual ao longo do período estudado (1996-1999: 25,9%, 2000-2003: 15,8% e 2004-2007: 8,6%). A média de sobrevida foi de 6,5 anos (IC95%: 5,5-7,5), sendo a taxa de sobrevida em 1, 3 e 5 anos de 83,3, 79,5 e 77,3%, respectivamente. CONCLUSÕES: A média de sobrevida foi de 6,5 anos, sendo a taxa em 5 anos de 77,3%, dados condizentes com a literatura internacional.


INTRODUCTION: An increasing number of octogenarian patients is undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). The short-term results of this procedure have been broadly studied, but there are few national reports on long-term outcomes. OBJECTIVES: To describe hospital mortality and long-term survival of patients aged > 80 years undergoing isolated CABG. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study with 142 consecutive patients aged > 80 years undergoing isolated CABG in the period between January/1996 and December/2007 in a Brazilian reference center. Mean age (± SD) was 82.3 ± 2.1 years, and 56.3% were male. The prevalence of hypertension was 73.2%, of previous myocardial infarction 30.3%, of diabetes 26.8%, and of renal dysfunction (creatinine ³ 2.0 mg/ml) was 4.9%. The median follow-up was 4.0 years, with a loss of 11.6% of patients. Survival analysis was performed by the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: Overall hospital mortality was 14.8% (95% CI: 8.8 to 20.8), with a reduction of this rate during the study period (1996-1999: 25.9%, 2000-2003: 15.8%, and 2004-2007: 8.6%). Mean survival was 6.5 years (95% CI: 5.5 to 7.5), and the survival rate at 1, 3 and 5 years was 79.4, 73.4 and 65.2%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Results are in agreement with international reports. Mean survival was 6.5 years and the survival rate at 5 years was 65.2%.


Subject(s)
Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Coronary Artery Bypass/mortality , Hospital Mortality , Survivors/statistics & numerical data , Follow-Up Studies , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors
18.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 25(1): 11-18, Jan.-Mar. 2010. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-552834

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a aplicabilidade do Sistema Europeu de Risco em Operações Cardíacas (EuroSCORE) em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia valvar no Instituto do Coração de Pernambuco. MÉTODOS: Foram incluídos no estudo 840 pacientes operados entre 2001 e 2009. Os prontuários desses doentes continham todas as informações que permitiram calcular o EuroSCORE. O desfecho de interesse foi óbito na internação. Com o objetivo de avaliar a aplicabilidade do EuroSCORE, foi usado o teste não paramétrico de Mann-Whitney. A calibração do modelo foi medida pela comparação da mortalidade observada com a esperada, usando-se o teste de bondade de ajuste de Hosmer-Lemershow. A acurácia do modelo foi avaliada pela curva ROC (receiver operating characteristic curve). RESULTADOS: A comparação entre a mortalidade prevista e a observada, por meio do teste de Hosmer-Lemershow, evidenciou boa capacidade preditiva (P=0,767), assim como quando comparada para cada valor do EuroSCORE Aditivo (P=0,455). Obteve-se uma área sob a curva de ROC de 0,731 (IC95 por cento 0,660 - 0,793), com valor de P<0,001. A mortalidade global prevista foi praticamente idêntica à observada (7,9 por cento). O grupo de baixo risco (EuroSCORE 0-2) era constituído por 345 pacientes, e a mortalidade foi de 3,19 por cento. O grupo de médio risco (EuroSCORE 3-5) compreendeu 364 pacientes, com mortalidade de 7,69 por cento, e o grupo de alto risco (EuroSCORE >6) incluiu 131 pacientes, com mortalidade foi 20,6 por cento. A análise de regressão logística permitiu identificar os seguintes fatores de risco para o óbito: idade acima de 60 anos, sexo feminino, operação prévia, endocardite ativa, cirurgia associada da aorta torácica e arteriopatia extracardíaca. CONCLUSÕES: O EuroSCORE, um método simples e objetivo, revelou-se um preditor satisfatório de mortalidade operatória e, por ele, foram identificados fatores de risco para o óbito em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia valvar no Instituto do Coração de Pernambuco.


OBJECTIVE: To assess the applicability of the European Rysk System in Cardiac Operations (EuroSCORE) in patients undergoing cardiac valve surgery at the Heart Institute of Pernambuco. METHOD: 840 patients operated on between 2001 and 2009, who medical records contained all the informations to calculate the EuroSCORE were included in the study. Hospital death was the end-point of the study. In order to assess the applicability of the EuroSCORE it was used the non parametric test of Mann-Whitney. The calibration of the model was measured by comparing the morbidity observed with that expected, using the Hosmer-Lemeshow Test of Goodness of Fit. The accuracy of the model was evaluated by the ROC curve (receiver operating characteristic curve). RESULTS: The comparison of expected and observed mortality, by Hosmer-Lemershow test, showed good predictive capacity (P = 0.767) as well as when compared to each value of addictive EuroSCORE (P = 0,455). The area of ROC curve was 0.731 (IC 95 percent, 0.660 - 0.793) with P < 0.001. The global predicted mortality was practically identical to that observed (7.9 percent). The low-risk group (EuroSCORE 0-2) comprised 345 patients with a mortality of 3.19 percent. The medium-risk group (EuroSCORE 3-5) comprised 364 patients, with a mortality of 7.69 percent and the high-risk group (EuroSCORE > 6) included 131 patients, with a mortality of 20.6 percent. The regression logistic analyses allowed to identify the following risk-factors for death: age > 60 years, gender female, previous operation, active endocarditis, associated surgery of the thoracic aorta and extra-cardiac arteriopathy. CONCLUSION: The EuroSCORE, a simple and objective method, proved to be a satisfactory predictor of operative mortality and risk factors for death in patients submitted to valve cardiac operations in the Heart Institute of Pernambuco.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/mortality , Heart Valves/surgery , Brazil/epidemiology , Cardiac Care Facilities , Epidemiologic Methods , Risk Factors , Risk Assessment/methods , Risk Assessment/standards , Survivors/statistics & numerical data
19.
Ann Card Anaesth ; 2009 Jan-Jun; 12(1): 22-6
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-1627

ABSTRACT

Perioperative and postoperative morbidity and mortality associated with cardiac surgery affect both the outcome and quality of life. Markers such as troponin effectively predict short-term outcome. In a prospective cohort study in a University Hospital we assessed the role of cardiac biomarkers, also as predictors of long-term outcome and life quality after cardiac surgery with a three-year follow-up after conventional heart surgery. Patients were interviewed via phone calls with a structured questionnaire examining general health, functional status, activities of daily living, perception of life quality and need for hospital readmission. Descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis were performed. Out of 252 consecutive patients, 8 (3.2%) died at the three years follow up: 7 for cardiac complications and 1 for cancer. Thirty-six patients (13.5%) had hospital readmission for cardiac causes (mostly for atrial fibrillation or other arrhythmias (9.3%), but none needed cardiac surgical reintervention; 21 patients (7.9%) were hospitalised for non-cardiac causes. No limitation in function activities of daily living was reported by most patients (94%), 92% perceived their general health as excellent, very good or good and none considered it insufficient; 80% were NYHA I, 17% NYHA II, 3% NYHA III and none NYHA IV. Multivariate analysis indicated preoperative treatment with digitalis or nitrates, and postoperative cardiac biomarkers release was independently associated to death. Elevated cardiac biomarker release and length of hospital stay were the only postoperative independent predictors of death in this study.


Subject(s)
Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/therapeutic use , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Cohort Studies , Creatine Kinase, MB Form/blood , Digitalis Glycosides/therapeutic use , Female , Heart Diseases/blood , Humans , Interviews as Topic , Length of Stay , Male , Middle Aged , Multivariate Analysis , Nitrates/therapeutic use , Prospective Studies , Quality of Life , Risk Factors , Survivors/statistics & numerical data , Treatment Outcome , Troponin I/blood
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